Brake bleeding = removing air.
Brake fluid flush = complete change of fluid and includes removing air.
AFAIK the black and crap in the fluid is because of general degradation of the brake seals etc. Also over time the fluid collects moisture, to what extent depends on your brake fluid and how well the system is actually sealed. With car systems, you get your dot 3, 4 etc. the higher the DOT number, the higher the boiling point so the higher DOT fluids generally used for more motorsport oriented applications, but conversely the higher DOT number fluids also absorb moisture at a higher rate and therefore requires flushing through more often. This information must relate in some way to what we're talking about...!
Personally on the bike I only ever bother bleeding/fluid changing if I feel it needs it, normally quite rare tbh, not even when changing hoses. But yes it can be required periodically.
I make sure I bleed the brakes on my car once a year though, but that's only the make sure I get fresh fluid round the pistons coz they do have a bit of a history/reputation on my car for getting sticky and needing rebuilds - I'm hoping a bit of periodic bleeding helps reduce that necessity
s8tannorm wrote:Has anyone else noticed some peoples strange obsession with continually bleeding brakes?
Not noticed that though I must admit.
st8tannorm wrote: If they really have got air in them after a fortnight since they were last bled, there's obviously a problem that goes beyond what bleeding will fix

One of those reasons might be ineffective bleeding...I found avids a bit of a pain to bleed, so I had to repeat the process in less than a week, but more coz I didn't do it right first time and it took a week for the effects to re-appear and to notice...